Australian Gold Rush Immigrants

Prior to Edward Hargraves 1851 discovery of gold near Bathurst, New South Wales, Great Britain regarded the distant colony of Australia as little more than a penal settlement. The promise of gold, however, attracted thousands of voluntary settlers in search of their fortunes—and ultimately ended the practice of transporting British convicts to the colonies. The Dawn of the Australian Gold Rush Within weeks of Hargraves discovery, thousands of laborers were already frantically digging at Bathurst, with hundreds more arriving daily. This prompted the Governor of Victoria, Charles J. La Trobe, to offer a  £200 reward to anyone who found gold within 200 miles of Melbourne. Diggers immediately took up the challenge and gold was quickly found in abundance by James Dunlop at Ballarat, by Thomas Hiscock at Buninyong, and by Henry Frenchman at Bendigo Creek. By the end of 1851, the Australian gold rush was in full force. Hundreds of thousands of new settlers descended on Australia during the 1850s. Many of the immigrants whod originally come to try their hand at gold-digging, chose to stay on and settle in the colonies, ultimately quadrupling the population of Australia between 1851 (430,000) and 1871 (1.7 million). Did Your Ancestors Arrive During the Gold Rush? If you suspect that your Australian ancestor might have originally been a digger, begin your search in traditional records from that time period, such as census, marriage,  and death records that generally list an individuals occupation. If you find something that indicates your ancestor was likely—or even possibly—a digger, passenger lists can help pinpoint the date of their arrival in the Australian colonies. Outbound passenger lists from the United Kingdom arent available prior to 1890, nor are they readily available for America or Canada (the Australia gold rush attracted people from all over the world), so your best bet is to search arrival manifests in Australia. Unassisted Immigrants to NSW, 1842-1855: This is an index of unassisted (or free) passengers who came to Australia at their own expense, including ships crewmembers.Unassisted Passenger and Crew Arrivals, 1854-1900: The Mariners and Ships in Australian Waters website has transcribed passenger listings and links to digital scans of original Shipping Inward lists from the Shipping Masters Office.Victoria Passenger Lists: Immigration records for Victoria 1852–1899 are online from the Public Record Office Victoria, including the Index to Unassisted Inward Passenger Lists to Victoria 1852—1923 and the Index to Assisted British Immigration 1839—1871. Researching Ancestors Who Predate the Gold Rush Of course, your Australian gold rush ancestors may have actually arrived in Australia in the years preceding the gold rush—as an assisted or unassisted immigrant, or even as a convict. So, if you dont find them in the passenger arrivals from 1851 on, keep looking. There was also a second sizeable gold rush in Western Australia during the 1890s. Start by checking the outbound passenger lists from that time period. Once youve determined that your ancestors were likely involved in the gold rush in some way, you may be able to locate them in a gold-digger database or learn more from newspapers, diaries, memoirs, photos, or other records. Gold Diggers from South Australia: This free searchable database includes gold diggers from South Australia (1852—1853) who brought or sent their gold home from the Victorian goldfields, including those who deposited gold at the SA Gold Assay Office in February 1852; the consignors and consignees associated with the first three mounted police escorts; and those who lost their receipts or failed to claim their gold by 29 October 1853.SBS Gold!: Explore the impact of the Australian gold rushes and uncover stories of the diggers through newspaper accounts, diaries,  and memoirs.The Goldminers Database: Search information on some 34,000 gold miners who participated in the gold rushes of New Zealand between 1861 and 1872, many of whom were Australians who went to New Zealand for only a short period of time.Fortune Hunters in Australia: This online database, available to members of the New England Historic Genealogical Society, includes names and other information extracted from t he published CD titled American Fever Australian Gold, American and Canadian involvement in Australia’s Gold Rush by Australian authors Denise McMahon and Christine Wild. In addition to data compiled from official records, archives, contemporary newspapers, and diaries, there is also material from correspondence written to or from fortune seekers, both from the goldfields of Australia, as well as communications penned during ocean crossings.The National Library of Australia: Search the digital collections database for the term gold photos, maps, and manuscripts related to the Australian gold rushes and those who participated in them.

Lonely Heart Essay - 660 Words

Lonely Heart The Heart is a Lonely Hunter by Carson McCullers is a novel set in a small Southern town in the late 1930’s. McCullers writes about characters who are lonely and rejected. their lives intertwine in a search for friendship and understanding. Many of the characters have a need to be understood, however; none of them ever truly are. One of the characters in the novel, Jake Blount, searches for a sympathetic ear. He appears in the New York Cafe drunk and rowdy talking to everyone and no one. He talks so much the â€Å"words came out of his throat like a cataract† (13). He constantly talks to everyone hoping someone will take the time to really listen and understand. His words come out â€Å"as though a dam inside†¦show more content†¦He also writes Antonapoulos that Blount thinks â€Å"he and I have a secret together but I do not know what it is† (183). Jake Blount thinks Singer understands him when he actually does not. Another character searching for understanding is Dr. Benedict Mady Copeland. Dr. Copeland is a black doctor with ideas that on one seems to understand regardless of how hard he tries to make them comprehend. His daughter, Portia, says that when she was a girl, he was â€Å"all the time studying by hisself† (41). Dr. Copeland is well educated and this separates him from the rest of his family. They do not understand why he has always felt the need to educate them. At a Christmas party, Dr. Copeland talks to the guests about Karl Marx and what he stood for. When he asks if everyone understands, they reply that they do. This makes him wonder if they are answering this way just to please him. He eventually turns to Mr. Singer for understanding. Dr. Copeland thinks Mr. Singer is wise and understands â€Å"the strong true purpose in a way that other white men could not† (114). Mr. Singer admits in a letter to Antonapoulos that he in fact does not understand. John Singer is another character who feels a need for understanding. He is a deaf-mute that everyone else seems to turn to when they need to vent their feelings. Singer does not communicate often unless by pen. He usually watches what everyone else has to say. Singer is in need of understandingShow MoreRelatedThe Extrordinary Influence of the Beatles Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band 1780 Words   |  7 PagesFor thousands of years, music has been influencing people in extraordinary ways. The Beatles Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band should not be mistaken as an ordinary album. Without a doubt, Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, an incredibly innovative album, stands as the most influential album of all time; it stands as a true masterpiece. People all around, especially artists, were influenced greatly by the innovations the album brought to the world of music. Many people have said that fromRead MoreHow Was Sgt? Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band By The Beatles1025 Words   |  5 Pages How Was Sgt? Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band by The Beatles so Culturally Reflective and Innovative? In 1967, The Beatles released and the album that would change the way people looked at them as a band and as music as a whole. ‘ Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band was The Beatles eighth studio album and took them 5 months to complete. At the time of the release, hippie culture was prevailing and this year is widely remembered as the summer of love. Long hair, recreational drug use, andRead MoreThe Heart Is A Lonely Hunter Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pages What we have in The Heart is a Lonely Hunter is a group of characters seeking release in love from the bondage of self, but since it is ‘natural’ for most men to think and act selfish, their capacity for love is limited. The book presents us with a hierarchy of lovers, and of these Singer is the most eminent because he is the most selfish. 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Loneliness through incompletion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 IV. Incompletion

Compare and Contrast the Chinese and Russian Revolutions Free Essays

China and Russia had various similarities and differences during the early 20th century. They were different in the aspect of goals as Russia was highly concerned in making everyone literate to experience the works of Marx, Lenin and Stalin personally while neither the Chinese communist party nor the Kuomintang cared much about literacy for the masses. Another differences was the characterization of the Russian revolution by World war 1 leading to the revolt against a ruling Tsar while China, was not affected by the war was more of a civil war between the nationalists and Mao’s peasants. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast the Chinese and Russian Revolutions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even so, both nations ended up with Communist revolutions, following the proletariat ruling belief. During the early 20th century, the Russian revolutionaries wanted all its people to be literate as to experience by reading the works of Karl Marx, Lenin and Stain first hand. Overall they were very successful in increasing the literacy rate in general. This was possible because immediately after the revolution, education was greatly overhauled in the spending on popular education. Free eduction was ordered for all children from the ages of three to sixteen years old as well as the duplication of schools within the first two years. Coeducation was also imposed as to get rid of sex discrimination and for the welfare of the whole society. However in China, the revolution did not really care about teaching and education for their citizens but rather focused primarily on replacing the existing system of government and its ruler with one headed up by the leader of the revolution, Mao Ze Dong. Another difference between the Russian and Chinese revolution was that the Russian revolution was influenced a lot by the first world war, while the Chinese revolution was untouched by it and still fought for the same beliefs as the Russian revolution. The Russian revolution was highlighted by the overthrow of Nicholas II which was brought on by the end of the first world war. Differently, the Chinese revolution was not affected by the first world war and was sparked by the Marxist ideas of the working class being able to rule. Even though the first world war was not a cause of the revolution, Mao Ze Dong’s peasant army and Chiang Kai’s nationalist army still fought until Mao’s forces defeated the nationalists in 1949. The major similarity between the Russian revolution and the Chinese revolution would be that both revolutions made the path for the nations to become Communists. They were both led by charismatic leaders Lenin and Mao Ze Dong, who were able to unite the people into the revolution. Both had similar goals and outcomes as they both aimed for the working class, Proletariats, to rule against the ruling class. Both revolutions also aimed to establishing a state ownership in their countries as well as removing any kind of inequalities within the nation. Both ending up as communist nations, the Russian revolution and the Chinese revolution were shaped by different sparks and aimed to reach its goals through different methods but strived for a similar goal inspired by the Marxist ideas of the Proletariat class to rule. How to cite Compare and Contrast the Chinese and Russian Revolutions, Papers